Centralized MPC for Autonomous Intersection Crossing

This paper develops a method for a safe and autonomous intersection crossing. A centralized system controls autonomous vehicles within a certain surrounding of the intersection and generates optimized trajectories for all vehicles in the area. A recently proposed design approach, [10], where this problem is expressed as a convex optimization problem using space sampling instead of time sampling, is formulated as a MPC problem solved by a QP algorithms so that it can be executed in real time. The MPC controller is then integrated in CarMaker using Matlab/Simulink so that the controller can be validated against the advanced vehicle models and sensor models available in CarMaker. Preliminary results of this validation are presented. Also, a method is designed to obtain time gaps between the vehicles to prevent the optimization problem to become infeasible when sensors give noisy measurements

ELITFOTBOLLSSPELARES ANVÄNDNING AV INDIVIDUELLA MÅLSÄTTNINGAR RELATERAT TILL MOTIVATION OCH UPPLEVD KOMPETENS

Syftet med denna undersökning har varit att studera huruvida individuella målsättningaranvänds inom elitfotboll. Dessutom undersöktes vilka målsättningsstrategier som föredrassamt vilka av dem som uppfattas som mest effektiva. Vidare studerades hur användningen avolika målsättningsstrategier är relaterat till elitfotbollspelares upplevda kompetens ochmotivation. . Även skillnader mellan ordinarie och icke ordinarie spelare samt juniorer ochseniorer studerades. Slutligen undersöktes även interaktionen mellan målsättningsarbetet,motivation och upplevd kompetens. Totalt deltod 101 fotbollsspelare i studien. Metoden somanvändes var kvantitiv och bestod av enkäterna GSSQ, TEOSQ samt Harterskompetensfrågeformulär (1980). Resultaten visade att resultatmål var som den mestföredragna målsättningen. Vidare var inre motivationsinriktning vanligare än yttre. Resultatenvisade även att målsättningars upplevda effektivite samt spelarnas motivation var lägst hosicke ordinarie juniorer. Interaktionseffekterna visade även att icke ordinarie juniorer uppleverlägre nivå av upplevd kompetens. Resultaten diskuteras i förhållande till uppsatsens teoretiskaramverk. Nyckelord: Elitfotbollsspelare, motivation, målsättning, upplevd kompetensThe purpose of this study was to examine if individual goal setting are being used byprofessional soccer players, what kind of goal setting is preferred and which of those areperceived as most effective. How the use of goal settings are related to professional soccerplayers and elite junior players perceived competence and motivation is also being examined.Also difference between regular, non-regular, juniors and senior players was studied. Finally,the interaction between the use of goal settings, motivation and perceived competence wereexamined. 101 soccer players participated in the study. A quantitative method with thequestionnaires GSSQ, TEOSQ and Harter’s competence questionnaire was used. The resultsshowed that performance goals were the most preferred and that task orientation was morecommon than ego. Perceived effectiveness of goal setting and the player’s motivation waslowest among non-regular juniors. Interaction results also showed that non-regular juniorsshowed low perceived competence. The results are discussed in relation to the essay’stheoretical framework. Keywords: Goal settings, motivation, perceived competence, professional/elite soccer players

Computational modeling of lung deposition of inhaled particles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients : identification of gaps in knowledge and data

Computational modeling together with experimental data are essential to assess the risk for particulate matter mediated lung toxicity and to predict the efficacy, safety and fate of aerosolized drug molecules used in inhalation therapy. In silico models are widely used to understand the deposition, distribution, and clearance of inhaled particles and aerosols in the human lung. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been reported due to increased particulate matter related air pollution episodes. Considering the profound functional, anatomical and structural changes occurring in COPD lungs, the relevance of the existing in silico models for mimicking diseased lungs warrants reevaluation. Currently available computational modeling tools were developed for the healthy adult (male) lung. Here, we analyze the major alterations occurring in the airway structure, anatomy and pulmonary function in the COPD lung, as compared to the healthy lung. We also scrutinize the various physiological and particle characteristics that influence particle deposition, distribution and clearance in the lung. The aim of this review is to evaluate the availability of the fundamental knowledge and data required for modeling particle deposition in a COPD lung departing from the existing healthy lung models. The extent to which COPD pathophysiology may affect aerosol deposition depends on the relative contribution of several factors such as altered lung structure and function, bronchoconstriction, emphysema, loss of elastic recoil, altered breathing pattern and altered liquid volumes that warrant consideration while developing physiologically relevant in silico models

Prescribing physical activity : status quo of the integration in Swiss healthcare system and international best practices

Contribution to the Symposium 1.08: Physical Activity and Sports for individuals with mental health disordersBackground: The evidence for the effectiveness of physical activity in the treatment of patients with mental illness and addiction problems is extensive and strong. This should be reflected in the integration of physical activity as therapeutic intervention for these health problems in the Swiss healthcare system. However, an overview how this is implemented in Switzerland and internationally has been missing. We therefore aimed to assess the actual status and identify successful international models. Method: We conducted a systematic literature and internet search on the current situation in Switzerland. We focused on the framework conditions, legal foundations, barriers, supportive factors, and professions that are involved such as human movement, sports science, physiotherapy or (sport-)psychiatry and psychotherapy. Moreover, we analysed the experiences that selected countries made with the inclusion of physical activity as a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of mental illness or addictive behaviour. Results: Physical activity is not yet established as a therapeutic intervention for patients with mental illness and addictive behaviours in our healthcare system. Although structured rehabilitation programs can be prescribed by physicians for these patients that often include physical activity interventions and are covered by basic health insurance, there is a gap after these programmes have been completed. In countries such as Sweden, however, general practitioners can issue exercise prescriptions for specific programmes or coaching on exercise packages on offer. Discussion: Although physical activity is already partly integrated in therapeutic interventions, there are international examples that point to potential improvements and call for action